If left untreated, it can cause internal bleeding and infection. In some cases, it can even be fatal. If you get pregnant while using an IUD, the device raises the chances that your pregnancy will be ectopic. But if you have an IUD, your risk of getting pregnant in the first place is low. In turn, your overall risk of ectopic pregnancy is also low. It affects an estimated 5 out of 10, women with a copper IUD each year.
A miscarriage happens if a pregnancy ends spontaneously before its 20th week. If you get pregnant while using an IUD, the device increases the risk of miscarriage. Your doctor can use an ultrasound exam to check the internal positioning of your IUD. If it has slipped out of place, they can insert a new IUD. An IUD can work for years before you need to replace it. But eventually it expires. Using an expired IUD may raise your risk of pregnancy.
In most cases, a copper IUD can last for up to 12 years. A hormonal IUD can last for up to 3 years or longer, depending on the specific brand you use. The birth control effects of an IUD are completely reversible. Doctors call this IUD expulsion. When an IUD is in the right place, it will sit at the bottom of the uterus, just past the cervix. The IUD strings extend through the cervix into the vagina. In some cases, when an IUD moves out of place, it will fall out entirely. A woman may notice that they are not able to find it.
In other cases, the IUD may shift positions. If this happens, the woman may not know that their IUD has moved, and they might not experience any symptoms. If a woman becomes pregnant while using an IUD, they may notice some typical pregnancy symptoms — particularly if the embryo has implanted in the uterus. Women who become pregnant while using an IUD may also notice that the strings are out of place, missing, or uneven.
Women who become pregnant while using an IUD are more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancies occur when the embryo implants outside of the uterus — usually in the fallopian tubes. According to the ACOG , a woman with an ectopic pregnancy may notice:. According to a review of studies that included , deliveries from women who became pregnant with an IUD in place, there are several possible complications.
As mentioned above, an ectopic pregnancy is also a potential complication. Ectopic pregnancies can result in a ruptured fallopian tube. If this occurs, there may be internal bleeding, which can lead to death. If a woman suspects that they are pregnant, they should talk to their healthcare provider, who will first confirm the pregnancy.
They will also confirm whether or not the pregnancy is ectopic. If it is, a health professional may need to perform surgery or prescribe medication to terminate the pregnancy. If they prescribe medication, it may be an injection of methotrexate, which will stop the embryo cells from growing.
The body will then absorb the pregnancy within 4—6 weeks. According to the ACOG , a typical surgical procedure for an ectopic pregnancy is a laparoscopic procedure. During this procedure, a surgeon makes a small incision in the abdomen.
Contraception after having a baby. Using contraception effectively Will antibiotics stop my contraception working? What if my partner won't use condoms? Where can I get emergency contraception morning after pill, IUD?
How effective is emergency contraception? When can I use contraception after a baby or while breastfeeding? Where can I get contraception? Missed pills and extra pills What should I do if I miss a pill combined pill? What should I do if I miss a pill progestogen-only pill? What if I've lost a pill?
What if I've taken an extra pill by accident? What if I'm on the pill and I'm sick or have diarrhoea? How do I change to a different pill? Will a pregnancy test work if I'm on the pill? Does the pill interact with other medicines? When will my periods return after I stop taking the pill? How do I know I've reached menopause if I'm on the pill? What is the male pill? It can be taken out at any time by a specially trained doctor or nurse. It's possible to get pregnant straight after it's removed.
It can make your periods lighter, shorter or stop altogether, so it may help people who have heavy or painful periods. It can be used by people who cannot use combined contraception such as the combined pill — for example, those who have migraines. Once the IUS is in place, you do not have to think about it. Some people may experience side effects, such as mood swings, skin problems or breast tenderness.
There's a small risk of getting an infection after it's been fitted. It can be uncomfortable when the IUS is put in, but you can take painkillers after, if you need to. The IUS can be fitted at any time during your monthly menstrual cycle, as long as you're not pregnant. You may be tested for any existing infections, such as STIs, and be given antibiotics.
The appointment takes about 15 to 20 minutes, and fitting the IUS should take no longer than 5 minutes: the vagina is held open, like it is during cervical screening a smear test the IUS is inserted through the cervix and into the womb Having an IUS fitted can be uncomfortable, and some people might find it painful, but you can have a local anaesthetic to help. You can also take painkillers after having an IUS fitted if you need to. You may also get period-type cramps afterwards, but painkillers can ease the cramps.
Tell the GP if you have any problems after this initial check or you want to have it removed. You may have an infection if you have: pain or tenderness in your lower abdomen a high temperature abnormal or smelly discharge How to tell if it's still in place An IUS has 2 thin threads that hang down a little way from your womb into the top of your vagina.
It's possible to get pregnant as soon as the IUS has been taken out. Who can use an IUS? The IUS may not be suitable if you have: breast cancer , or have had it in the past 5 years cervical cancer or womb uterus cancer liver disease unexplained bleeding between periods or after sex arterial disease or a history of serious heart disease or stroke an untreated sexually transmitted infection STI or pelvic infection problems with your womb or cervix Using an IUS after giving birth An IUS can usually be fitted from 4 weeks after giving birth vaginal or caesarean.
Advantages and disadvantages of the IUS Advantages: It works for 5 years or 3 years, depending on the brand. It's one of the most effective forms of contraception available in the UK.
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