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Content delivery network CDN. Could Netflix Someday Cache at Home? Comment 8. At the very least, it's an intriguing idea. Like what we have to say? Click here to sign up to our daily newsletter. Zero Downtime System Replacements. The company operates its own content delivery network CDN , a global network of storage servers that cache content close to where it will be viewed.
That local caching reduces bandwidth costs and makes it easier to scale the service over a wide area. Netflix used to rely on third-party providers like Akamai and Level 3 for the caching work, but two years ago it said it had started building its own CDN, called Open Connect.
Netflix also designs its own storage hardware, custom built for streaming video. It uses two types of server, one based on hard disk drives and the other on flash drives, and both are optimized for high-density and low-power use. When we embarked upon the global replication system design for EVCache, we also considered non-requirements. One non-requirement is strong global consistency. All replication is asynchronous, and the replication system can become latent or fail temporarily without affecting local cache operations.
Replication latency is another loose requirement. How fast is fast enough? How often does member traffic switch between regions, and what is the impact of inconsistency? EVCache replicates data both within a region and globally. The intra-region redundancy comes from a simultaneous write to all server groups within the region.
For cross-region replication, the key components are shown in the diagram below. This diagram shows the replication steps for a SET operation. An application calls set on the EVCache client library, and from there the replication path is transparent to the caller. This is a simplified picture, of course. Clients of EVCache are not aware of other regions or of cross-region replication; reads and writes use only the local, in-region cache instances.
The message queue is the cornerstone of the replication system. We use Kafka for this. The Kafka stream for a fully-replicated cache has two consumers: one Replication Relay cluster for each destination region. If a target region goes wildly latent or completely blows up for an extended period, the buffer for the Kafka queue will eventually fill up and Kafka will start dropping older messages.
In a disaster scenario like this, the dropped messages are never sent to the target region. Netflix services which use replicated caches are designed to tolerate such occasional disruptions. The Replication Relay cluster consumes messages from the Kafka cluster.
Using a secure connection to the Replication Proxy cluster in the destination region, it writes the replication request complete with data fetched from the local cache, if needed and awaits a success response. It retries requests which encounter timeouts or failures. Temporary periods of high cross-region latency are handled gracefully: Kafka continues to accept replication messages and buffers the backlog when there are delays in the replication processing chain. Shows are then recorded during whatever hours of the day or night the customer has specified.
NightShift is perfectly legal, in part because it operates within strict limits, Loach said. When a customer clicks play on a Netflix show that's already been cached locally, NightShift intercepts the stream and delivers it from the router-attached storage. But customers can't start the stream without an authenticated Netflix session. If Netflix pulls a video because their agreement with the content owner runs out, there's no way to play these videos.
They'd be removed from our device. From a legal perspective, we certainly believe we're in the clear.
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